Patients kunye mental izikhalazo okanye yethutyana okanye disordered ukuziphatha langoku kwi ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo clinical izicwangciso, kuquka ephambili care nezibonelelo kwiinkonzo zonyango centersIzikhalazo okanye yethutyana ibe entsha okanye nokuqhubekeka a imbali mental iingxaki. Izikhalazo zibe enxulumene coping nge yesitalato umqathango okanye kuba ngqo iziphumo a yesitalato imeko. I-indlela zokuhlola kuxhomekeke ukuba izikhalazo eyiyo i-kaxakeka okanye ingaba kusini na kwi scheduled ndwendwela. Kwi-i-kaxakeka, kagqirha enokuba ukuba kugxininisa ngakumbi ngqo imbali, imiqondiso, kwaye ukuziphatha ukuba abe nako ukwenza ulawulo isigqibo. Kwi scheduled ndwendwela, ngakumbi thorough assessment yindlela efanelekileyo. Routine psychiatric assessment kuquka jikelele zonyango kwaye psychiatric imbali kwaye mental isimo njalo. (Khangela kanjalo i-american Psychiatric Association ke Psychiatric nokuhlolwa Abadala Olukhawulezayo Ubhekiso Isikhokelo kwaye i-american Psychiatric Association: Amanqaku guideline kuba psychiatric nokuhlolwa ngabantu abadala. I-kagqirha malenze isigqibo ngenkqubo nokuba nomonde unako anike imbali, oko kukuthi, nokuba nomonde afumaneka ngokuzenzekela kwaye coherently uphendula lokuqala imibuzo. Ukuba akunjalo, ulwazi wafuna ukusuka usapho, caregivers, okanye ezinye collateral kwimithombo (umz, amapolisa). Nkqu xa nomonde ngu kunxulumana kwendawo, vala amalungu osapho, abahlobo, okanye caseworkers unakho ukunikezela ulwazi ukuba nomonde sele engaqukwanga. Ukufumana ulwazi ukuba ayikho solicited yi-kagqirha akusebenzi ekuvunyelwene ngawo nomonde ukugcina iimfihlo. Edlulileyo psychiatric ukuhlolwa kokusebenza, kuxakekwe ngonyango ngenxa, kwaye iqondo adherence ukuba ziyi kuxakekwe ngonyango ngenxa ingaba wahlaziya, kwaye iingxelo ezivela enjalo care ingaba wazuza msinyane kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukwenza umsebenzi i-enze udliwano-ndlebe hastily kwaye indifferently kunye ezivaliweyo-ophele ngowama-nemibuzo (ukulandela rigid indlela kovavanyo) rhoqo khusela patients ukusuka revealing ulwazi oluyimfuneko. Umahluko imbali presenting ukugula kunye vula-ophele ngowama-imibuzo, ngoko ke ukuba patients unako zibalisa zabo ibali kowabo amazwi, kuthatha efanayo isixa-mali ixesha kwaye yenza patients ukuba zichaza enxulumene loluntu iimeko kwaye kutyhila yeemvakalelo zakho reactions. I-enze udliwano-ndlebe kufuneka kuqala ukuphonononga yintoni prompted imfuneko (okanye umnqweno) psychiatric assessment (umz, unwanted okanye unpleasant iingcinga, undesirable ukuziphatha), kuquka kangakanani le presenting imiqondiso esi sicwangciso nomonde okanye interfere kunye nomonde ke loluntu, imisebenzi, kwaye interpersonal ukusebenza kakuhle. I-mbambi-dliwano-ndlebe ke nzame ukuzuza ngokubanzi imbono kwi nomonde ke personality yi-yokuhlola ezibalulekileyo ebomini iziganeko ekhoyo kwaye elidlulileyo kunye nomonde ke responses kubo (jonga Itheyibhile: Iindawo ukuba Iquke Sokuqala Psychiatric Assessment). Psychiatric, ukhathalelo, loluntu, kwaye ukukhula kwakhe imbali kanjalo wahlaziya. Siyijonga ka-iindlela ukukhangela ezinye iimpawu hayi kuchaziwe kwi - psychiatric imbali ibalulekile. Lwesiqulatho apho kugxilwa kuphela ngomhla presenting imiqondiso ukuba exclusion ka-elidlulileyo imbali babe ngenxa ekwenzeni i-ayilunganga ephambili diagnosis kwaye ayikho enye psychiatric okanye zonyango comorbidities (umzekelo, hayi ecela malunga elidlulileyo manic episodes kwi nomonde presenting kunye depression ayikwazi ngenxa ekwenzeni i-ayilunganga diagnosis ka-enkulu depressive isiphithiphithi endaweni bipolar isiphithiphithi). Marital imbali, kuquka umgangatho kwaye uzinzo womtshato okanye marriages okanye ezibalulekileyo budlelwane nabanye i-personality inkangeleko ukuba emerges babe phakamisa traits ukuba ingaba ulungiselelo (umz, resilience, conscientiousness) okanye maladaptive (umzekelo, mna-centeredness, enciphisayo, amahlwempu uphazamiso ka-frustration) kwaye inga bonisa coping iindlela kusetyenziswa. I-enze udliwano-ndlebe babe kutyhila ukuthabatheka (ifayile ezingasafunwayo okanye distressing iingcinga okanye impulses), compulsions (excessive, phindo ukwenza into, purposeful behaviors ukuba umntu uziva ngathi usasebenzisa asukelwa ukwenza), kwaye delusions (fixed ubuxoki beliefs) ingamisela nokuba distress ingaba isitsho yesitalato imiqondiso (umz, headache, abdominal intlungu), mental imiqondiso (umz, phobic ukuziphatha, depression), okanye loluntu ukuziphatha (umz, ukungazibandakanyi, rebelliousness). I-nomonde kufuneka kanjalo kucelwa malunga attitudes malunga psychiatric kuxakekwe ngonyango ngenxa, kuquka iziyobisi kwaye psychotherapy, ngoko ke ukuba olu lwazi unako kufuneka ibandakanywe kulo unyango sicwangciso. I-mbambi-dliwano-ndlebe kufuneka useke nokuba ngaba i-physical imeko yayo okanye unyango ngu ebangela okanye worsening a mental imeko (bona Zonyango, Uvavanyo - Nomonde Kunye Mental Imiqondiso).
Ukongezelela ekubeni ngqo iziphumo (umz, imiqondiso, kuquka mental okkt), abaninzi yesitalato iimeko sizathu view-size usamuel kwaye zifuna coping iindlela ukuba withstand i-pressures enxulumene imeko.
Abaninzi patients kunye buhlungu yesitalato iimeko amava abanye uhlobo uhlenga-hlengiso isiphithiphithi, kwaye abo kunye nangumsinga mental-ngqondweni babe ngoonyana unstable. Ukuqwalasela ngononophelo ngethuba i-enze udliwano-ndlebe usenokuxela ubungqina mental okanye yesitalato-ngqondweni. Umzimba ulwimi babe kutyhila ubungqina attitudes kunye nemvakalelo saliwe yi-nomonde. Umzekelo, ingaba nomonde fidget okanye inyathelo nje emva kwaye phambili ngaphandle ukukhanyela anxiety. Ngaba nomonde k ubonakala ngathi ezibuhlungu nangona ukukhanyela zimvo lomgaqo-depression. Umzekelo, nomonde coca kwaye kulungile-agcina. Yi tremor okanye facial droop langoku A mental isimo njalo usebenzisa ukuqwalasela ngononophelo kwaye imibuzo ukuhlola eziliqela domains ka-mental umsebenzi, kuquka Emfutshane standardized ngaba ukujonga questionnaires ezifumanekayo kuba assessing ezithile iinxenye ye-mental isimo njalo, kuquka abo ngokukodwa yenzelwe ukuhlola uhlengahlengiso kwaye wolwazi. Ezinjalo standardized ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kungasinceda ukuchonga ibaluleke kakhulu imiqondiso kwaye anike komgca osisiseko kuba measuring impendulo unyango. Nangona kunjalo, ngaba ukujonga questionnaires ayikwazi ukuthatha indawo a ngokubanzi, ngakumbi oluneenkcukacha mental isimo njalo. Imbonakalo jikelele kufuneka assessed kuba unspoken clues ukuba nangumsinga iimeko. Umzekelo, patients' imbonakalo kungasinceda kwalatha ukuba ngaba Ngabo ayikwazi care kuba nabo (umz, baya kubonakala undernourished, disheveled, okanye dressed inappropriately kuba imozulu okanye kuba ezibalulekileyo umzimba odor) Ingaba ayikwazi okanye unwilling ukuthobela loluntu norms (umz, bamele garbed kwi-socially ezingafanelekanga impahla) Kuba owenza gwenxa kweziyobisi okanye zezikomiti mna-kwenzakala (umz, banayo i-odor ka-utywala, scars suggesting IV ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye mna-inflicted injury) Intetho kusenokuba assessed yi-noting spontaneity, lwesivakalisi, umyinge, kwaye ubukhulu. A nomonde kunye depression babe kuthetha chu kwaye softly, njengoko nomonde kunye mania babe kuthetha rapidly kwaye loudly. Abnormalities ezifana dysarthria ke kwaye aphasias babe kunokubonisa yesitalato injongo mental kuyatshintsha, ezifana intloko injury, ukubetha, ingqondo tumor, okanye ezininzi sclerosis. Yeemvakalelo zakho intetho kusenokuba assessed yi-ecela patients ukuba zichaza zabo nemvakalelo. I-nomonde ke tone ka ilizwi, posture, isandla gestures, kwaye facial yenza ingxenye yesakhelo ingaba zonke mbasa. Isimo (emotions patients ingxelo) kwaye kuchaphazela (yeemvakalelo zakho urhulumente mbambi-dliwano-ndlebe amanqaku) kufuneka assessed. Esi sicwangciso yayo, umqolo (oko kukuthi, ngokupheleleyo vs constricted) kufuneka iqaphele ngokunjalo ukuvavanywa kokuba ingaba yenza ukuba wayecinga isiqulatho (umz, nomonde smiling ngexesha ngokuxoxa a tragic isiganeko). Ukucinga kwaye perception kusenokuba assessed yi-noticing hayi kuphela yintoni communicated kodwa kanjalo njani kubalulekile communicated. Abnormal isiqulatho kungathatha ifomu zilandelayo: Izimvo ka-lokuthumela (notions ukuba everyday izenzeko kuba ezikhethekileyo intsingiselo okanye significance ubuqu alungiselelwe okanye yathi yayalela ukuba nomonde) kagqirha unako ukuhlola nokuba izimvo ngathi ayixhasi namnye ukuba abe okunxulumene kwaye imbono-yathi yayalela kwaye nokuba ujikeleziso lothunyelo ukusuka kwesinye wayecinga ukuba elandelayo ingaba iimposiso. Psychotic okanye manic patients enokuba disorganized iingcinga okanye i-abrupt ukusaba izimvo. Abnormalities ka-cognition uninzi rhoqo kwenzeka kunye delirium okanye dementia okanye nge-gwenxa kweziyobisi okanye ukungazibandakanyi kodwa unako kanjalo kwenzeka kunye depression. Merck Co, Inc, Kenilworth, NJ, e-USA ufumana i-global inkathalelo inkokeli ukusebenzela uncedo ihlabathi kakuhle. Ukususela siphuhlisa entsha therapies ukuba siphathe kwaye ikhusela isifo ekuncedeni abantu abasweleyo, sizimisele ekuphuculeni impilo kwaye kulungile-ntle jikelele ehlabathini. I-Merck Incwadi inikwe ipapashwe okokuqala ngowe- njengoko inkonzo ngokudibeneyo. I-somthetho le omkhulu icebo uyaqhuba njengoko Merck Yolwazi kwi-NATHI nasekhanada kwaye MSD Yolwazi ngaphandle North America. Funda okungakumbi malunga zethu ukuzinikela Yehlabathi Zonyango Ulwazi.
